Electronic Journal of University of Aden for Basic and Applied Sciences

Front Cover

Abdulrahman Ahmed Mohren — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 17:47:01 +0300

EFFECT OF AQUEOUS CRUDE EXTRACT OF ALOE VACILLANS LEAVES ON INDUCED HEPATIC DAMAGE IN MALE RABBITS

Mohammed Ali Qassem — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0300

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of aqueous extract of Aloe vacillans leaves juice on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)- induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rabbits by intraperitoneal injection of (CCl₄) at dose l ml/kg on day 7 and 8.
The aqueous crude extract of Aloe vacillans leaves was administrated at dose 100 mg,300 mg and 500 mg/kg of body weight pass orally (p.o) daily for 8 days. The hepatotoxicity and its prevention were assessed by serum parameters like alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin (Bil) and total protein (T.P).
In CCl₄ treated rabbits, a significant, increasing the ALT, AST, bilirubin and decreasing the Total protein levels were shown (p<0.05), due to liver damage, when compared with the normal group.
Treatment with the aqueous extract of Aloe vacillans could significantly decrease the (ALT), (ALT) and bilirubin, increased T.P in serum at p< 0.05 when compared with CCl₄ –treated group
The data concluded that oral administration of aqueous extract of the leaves of Aloe vacillans significantly decreases the intensity of hepatic damage induced by CCl₄ in rabbits.

AUTODETECTION ALGORITHM OF PPG AND ECG PEAKS BASED ON 2 MOVING WINDOWS

Mohammed Sheikh Mansoor — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 14:18:13 +0300

In this study, an algorithm autodetection of PPG (Photoplethysmography) and ECG in an electrocardiogram is proposed. Many researches have been done for developing a new approach in this field, using different algorithms ranging from filtering and threshold methods, through wavelet methods, to neural networks, and others, each of which has different effectiveness and weaknesses. Although their performance in general good, but, the main weakness is that they are threshold dependent. Threshold-free detection is another proposed algorithm, where RR moving interval is calculated based on normal maximum and minimum heart rate (HR). This has the advantage of ensuring that every R-peak is contained between the edges of the moving interval. Thus, the effectiveness of this algorithm is that it is threshold independent, but its weaknesses are in the change in the RR interval according to the change in the heart rate frequency, which leads to missing some peaks. The effectiveness of the new algorithm autodetection peak is developed to overcome the weaknesses of threshold dependent and threshold independent algorithms. It based on a threshold-free algorithm with double moving windows. The complete algorithm is implemented using MATLAB 7.4. The method is validated using 18 recorded signals. The average sensitivity and average positive predictivity of PPG are 99.5% and 99.6% and of ECG are 99.3% and 99.4% respectively.

PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE STATUS OF ALOE DHUFARENSIS LAVRANOS (ASPHODELACEAE JUSS.) IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA

Abdul Wali Ahmed Al-Khulaidi — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 00:00:00 +0300

Assessment of plant species in particular rare and endemic is essential for monitoring and conservation planning. I aimed to support conservation activities by addressing knowledge of the status of Aloe dhufarensis Lavranos, one of the endemic plants in the Arabian Peninsula. Information on the status and distribution range of A. dhufarensis in the Arabian Peninsula is almost absent. To Assess A. dhufarensis according to IUCN categories, Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO) were created and measured using ArcMap 10.8. The species is described and illustrated; the distribution of the species was mapped. The evaluation and the conservation status of this plant species are reported according to the context of IUCN Red List guidelines and criteria.

A STUDY OF SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS AMONG DENGUE PATIENTS IN LAHJ/ YEMEN

Manal Mohamed Al-Samadi, Mohammed Mohammed Ahmed Alhaj, Khaled Saeed Ali — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 14:30:30 +0300

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dengue fever on some hematological and biochemical parameters on patients, whose were infected with dengue virus at AL-Jamaheer Medical Center\ Lahj from July to September 2018.
One hundred and three cases have been tested, among them 52.4% were males and 47.6% were females, the age ranged from a year to 60 years old.
The tests included the evaluation of complete blood count (CBC), aminotransferase levels, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), in addition to serum Urea, and creatinine levels.
Hematological tests revealed that approximately 56.3 % of cases showed a decrease in white blood cell (WBC) count with about 4000/μl, 19.4% cases with values between 2000 -3000/μl and 2000 /μl in 15.5 % cases, whereas 21.4% cases were with a range between 3000-4000/μl.
Platelet counts (PLT) were decreased to <150000/μl in 29.2% of cases and were about 50,000- 100,000/μl in 13.6% of cases, while showed around 50000/μl in 3.9% of cases.
As for the biochemical tests, liver function tests (L.F.T.) showed that an increase was observed in SGOT and SGPT of 42.7 % and 34 % of cases, respectively.
Kidney function tests showed elevated serum urea and creatinine in 2.91% and 5.83% cases, respectively.
In conclusion, one of the predictive markers of dengue fever is a decrease in the number of white blood cells and platelets. In contrast, it raised the levels of amine transporters (SGOT) and (SGPT), Therefore, monitoring these indicators is useful in diagnosing dengue fever in order to provide good health care to patients.

ESTIMATION OF CATCH EFFORT IN THE DEHAMED, SOCOTRA - YEMEN

M. A. El Sanabany, M. K. H. Ali — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 14:33:00 +0300

Data of reef fisheries in the Dehamed - Socotra provides a good opportunity to assess the effects of fishing on fish community structure. Data between March 2007 and March 2009 were analyzed to determine the CPUE. The Result shows that 149 species belong to 19 families were caught. Five families (Scombridae, Lethrinidae, Serranidae, Lutjanidae, and Xphiidae) were dominate the catch composition, they represent more than 95% of the catch. The analysis of data shows that CPUE of Scombridae was the highest in October 2007, it reaches 3998,46 (kg/day), Also the highest value for Xphiidae was in October, it reaches 830.33(kg/day). Furthermore, the CPUE of Lethrinidae, Serranidae, Lutjanidae was high in February 2008, it reaches 1949.76, 1778, 381.33 (kg/day) respectively.
The result showed that the CPUE on Dehamed was changing during the months of fishing, the highest value was in October 2007, it reaches about 5025.26 (kg/day), however, the lowest value was in May 2008, it reaches about 68.99 (kg/day). For the average CPUE for families, the result shows that the highest value belongs to Scombridae (343.89 kg/day) however the lowest value belongs to Mugilidae (6.55 kg/day). The result also showed that there is a decrease in the CPUE OF all families during the period of study.
Finally, it should be stressed here that elucidating trends in catch rate and composition are important to evaluate the impact of fishing on fish stocks and thereby guide fisheries management action. Since major changes in fish community structure can take place even at the initial stages in the development of fisheries.

CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITIC INFECTIONS AMONG DISPLACED PERSONS IN YEMEN

Nazeh Al-Abd, Talal Alharazi, Omar A. A. Bamaga — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 14:36:47 +0300

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are considered major health concerns in developing countries especially among economically disadvantaged communities. Currently, there is a lack of information on the prevalence of IPIs among internally displaced persons in Yemen.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of IPIs among internally displaced person in Saber camp, Lahaj governorate, Yemen during May- November 2019.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among internally displaced person from the Saber camp. samples of fresh stool were collected from the participants and examined by wet mount and formal-ether fecal concentration technique. Data were processed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS), version 25.0. The significant level set was p-value <0.05.

Results: The study involved a sample of 350 participants. Overall, the study found that 156 (44.6%) of the participants were infected with at least one intestinal parasite. The most predominant parasite determined in this study was Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (24.6%) followed by Giardia lamblia (19.7%), Hymenolepis nana 7.1%, Enterobius vermicularis 0.90%, and Strongyloides.stercoralis 0.30%. The prevalence rate of parasitic infection in males was 55 (45.8%), whereas females were 101 (43.9 %). The association between intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) and gender was found statistically insignificant (χ² = 0.118, P = 0.732, df = 1). The finding of the study showed that the prevalence rate was significantly different based on the age of respondents (χ² = 12.10 P = 0.033, df = 5) with the highest prevalence in the age group 1-9 years was 45.5%, where the lowest was 5.8 % in groups of respondents age between 40 to49 years.

Conclusion: This study reveals an alarmingly high prevalence of IPIs (44.6 %) on IPIs infection among internally displaced person in Saber camp in Lahaj governorate, Yemen. Hence, there is a great need for improvement of sanitation and proper health education is required to reduce intestinal parasitic infection.

EVALUATION OF SOME ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED BY MEDICAL LABORATORIES ADEN, YEMEN

Eman Abdo Ali, Omniat N. M. Alshuaibi, Khaled Saeed Ali — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 14:47:06 +0300

The study was carried out to determine antibacterial resistance profiles of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical samples of patients during the duration, from January 2019 to July 2020 in five governmental and private medical laboratories of Aden governorate, Yemen. A total of 267 MRSA isolates were tested with a disc diffusion method from 4 clinical specimens. The isolates were examined for methicillin resistance using vancomycin, erythromycin, amikacin, and gentamicin.

The results revealed a large number of MRSA isolates showed resistance to erythromycin (43.5%) and Vancomycin (28%). A lower number of MRSA isolates showed resistance to amikacin (6.25%), gentamicin (11.75%). A majority of MRSA isolates were from urine specimen (162) followed by (56) wounds, (34) pus, and (25) semen specimens. The highest proportion of MRSA isolates were obtained from Al-medina medical laboratory (31%) and Alborg laboratory (24%).